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Expectations of Instructors’ Behaviors Among Generations
When comparing generations within each group (students and faculty), we found
no significant difference across generations of students regarding their expectations
of instructors. However, among the faculty members, a significant difference of
expectations of instructors across generations in face-to-face course settings was
noted for being flexible and open-minded (F = 3.38, p = .043). Specifically, Baby
(2, 49)
Boomers faculty (M = 4.57, SD = .65) considered this behavior more important than
did Generation X faculty (M = 3.86, SD = .79, p = .042). In terms of teaching online
courses, a significant difference was found between faculty across generations (F
(2,
= 3.70, p = .033) in terms of being flexible and open-minded. Millennial faculty
45)
(M = 4.67, SD = .62) considered this behavior more significant in online course
settings than did Generation X faculty (M = 4.11, SD = .68, p = .04).

Technology Used Among Generations
Last, we looked at technology tools used by generations for teaching and learning
(see Figure). For students, a learning management system (LMS) such as Canvas
or Electra was most often used for learning (76.9%), followed by videos (69.2%),
simulations (42.3%), mobile devices with apps
(26.9%), and podcasts (7.7%). Technology tools
This study explored students’ most often used by Millennial students were LMS
(68.8%), videos (56.3%), simulations (31.3%),
and faculty’s expectations of mobile devices with apps (12.5%), and podcasts
(12.5%). Some also mentioned using self-made
instructors’ behaviors in face- and pre-created flashcards for learning (6.3%).
Generation Z students, meanwhile, often used
to-face and online settings. LMS (88.9%) and videos (88.9%), followed by

It further compared what a simulations (55.6%) and mobile devices with
apps (55.6%).
younger generation of students for teaching (56%), followed by LMS (54%),
Faculty members, however, often used videos
expects of instructors with simulations (34%), mobile devices with apps

faculty’s expectations of (28%), gamification (4%), and podcasts (4%).
Specifically, Baby Boomers faculty often used
instructors in both settings. videos (42.9%) and mobile devices with apps
(42.9%) for teaching, as well as simulations
(35.7%) and LMS (21.4%). Some used a portable
whiteboard for instruction (7.1%). Generation X
faculty preferred to use videos (71.4%) and LMS (71.4%) for teaching, followed
by simulations (33.3%), mobile devices with apps (23.8%), and podcasts (4.8%).
Some also used QR codes linking learners to multimedia for teaching (4.8%).
Meanwhile, Millennial faculty often used LMS (60%), videos (46.7%), simulations
(33.3%), mobile devices with apps (20%), and podcasts (6.7%). They also integrated
gamification (13.3%) into teaching.

12 The Delta Kappa Gamma Bulletin: International Journal for Professional Educators