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the purpose of which was to examine and compare expectations of instructors’
behaviors in face-to-face and online course settings. Thus, participants answered
the same questionnaire twice, responding with references to each of the different
course formats. The questionnaire was anonymous and took approximately 10 to 15
minutes to complete. Participants were able to withdraw from the study at any time
via closing the website. The Institutional Review Board (IRB) of the university had
approved this study.

Data Analysis
Data were analyzed via SPSS Data Software. Descriptive statistics were used to
explore students’ and faculty’s perceptions of the behaviors of ideal instructors. One-
way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was undertaken to compare the expectations
between the two groups. The alpha level was set at .05.

Results
The Cronbach’s alpha of TBC in face-to-face and online course settings was
0.73 and 0.68, respectively, indicating the survey in this study was reliable.

Students’ Expectations of Instructors’ Behaviors
Data showed that several behaviors of instructors in both face-to-face and
online course settings were commonly considered important by students (see
Table 1). These included being realistic in expectations of students/fair testing and
grading; being knowledgeable about subject matter; having a positive attitude; being
respectful; being understanding; and striving to be a better teacher. Additionally,
students believed online instructors should be technologically competent.

Table 1

Students’ Top 10 and Bottom 5 Expectations of Instructors’ Behaviors
Top 10 Instructors’ Behaviors (face-to-face) Mean Top 10 Instructors’ Behaviors (online) Mean
1. Realistic expectations of students/fair testing and 4.69 1. Realistic expectations of students/fair testing 4.77
grading and grading
2. Positive attitude 4.62 2. Knowledgeable about subject matter 4.71
3. Knowledgeable about subject matter 4.58 3. Respectful 4.57
4. Understanding 4.50 4. Positive attitude 4.50
5. Respectful 4.46 5. Technologically competent 4.43
6. Flexible/open-minded 4.42 6. Understanding 4.39
7. Enthusiastic about teaching and about topic 4.40 7. Strives to be a better teacher 4.35
8. Strives to be a better teacher 4.27 8. Provides constructive feedback 4.35
9. Provides constructive feedback 4.27 9. Prepared 4.30
10. Punctuality/manages class time 4.23 10. Enthusiastic about teaching and about topic 4.25
Bottom 5 Instructors’ Behaviors (face-to-face) Mean Bottom 5 Instructors’ Behaviors (online) Mean
1. Approachable/personable 3.15 1. Approachable/personable 3.16
2. Accessible 3.04 2. Confident 3.08
3. Encourages and cares for students 2.96 3. Encourages and cares for students 3.00
4. Effective communicator 2.88 4. Accessible 3.00
5. Creative and interesting 2.88 5. Effective communicator 2.96

Schools Fostering a More Equitable World 9