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Interestingly, when looking at expectations of instructors’ behaviors across
generations, Baby Boomer and Millennial faculty considered being flexible and
open-minded a more important characteristic than did Generation X faculty in both
face-to-face and online course settings. More research is needed to explore the
reasons behind this finding.
In terms of using technology tools, students often used LMS, videos, and
simulations for learning. Millennial students also used podcasts, while Generation
Z students liked to use apps in mobile devices for learning. In terms of faculty
using technology, videos, LMS, and simulations were most often reported as being
used. Specifically, Baby Boomer faculty often used videos for teaching, while
Generation X and Millennial faculty usually used LMS for teaching. Millennial
faculty, furthermore, applied gamification to learning. These findings somewhat
echo previous statements (Hernandez-de-Menendez et al., 2020; Plochocki, 2020)
that younger generations are more often connected to new technology.

Implications
Findings of this study indicated that when
This study helps to develop teaching both face-to-face and online courses,

a dialogue and collaboration instructors should cover material to be tested
during class and through online assignments and
toward supporting more should write relevant test questions. They should

engaging and active learning not overload students with reading but teach
at an appropriate level for most students in the
in both face-to-face and online course. Instructors should be the professionals on
the subject and be prepared for teaching. They
teaching and learning across should answer students’ questions easily and not
read straight from the book or notes but rather use
generations. clear and understandable examples. They should
also respect students and not interrupt when they
are talking. Understanding students is important.
Thus, the instructors should be available before
and after class to answer questions, and they should not lose their tempers with
students but take extra time to discuss complex concepts. When teaching face-
to-face courses, the instructor should show confidence, such as speaking clearly,
making eye contact, and answering questions correctly. When teaching online, they
should arrive at a synchronous class on time or early, present relevant materials
in class, leave time for questions, and keep appointments. Furthermore, instructors
should often request feedback on their teaching ability from students, continue
learning by attending related workshops, and use new teaching methods to become
better teachers. Finally, the online instructor should specifically be technologically
competent. That is, faculty should have the ability and knowledge to use different
technology tools (e.g., hardware, software, social media, LMS) and encourage
students to use technology for learning. For Baby Boomers, achieving this goal
would include constant training and updating of technology skills and software
knowledge.

14 The Delta Kappa Gamma Bulletin: International Journal for Professional Educators